百叶箱结构对气温观测值的影响     

张爱丽  苏锋  孙智辉 《气象科技》2013,41(2):270-273

通过分析2009年3月至2010年2月小百叶箱观测温度与自动站大百叶箱的温度发现:月、年平均温度均是小百叶箱内观测值普遍低于大百叶箱观测值,但差值较小,多数在0.2℃以内.平均最高温度差值略大,最大值为0.4℃,冬季差异大.月极端温度差值大且不稳定,差值有正有负,均在正负1℃之内.日极端温度差值比较集中,最高温度主要分布在-0.65～0.14℃,最低温度在-0.4～0.02℃.温度日变化趋势非常一致,温度变化平缓时两者基本重合;剧烈变化时,大百叶箱内升温快,降温也快.一日内降温阶段差值为正,升温阶段,差值为负,差值最大的时间在上午09:00-12:00.无论在多云和少云,还是高风速和低风速条件下,两种百叶箱内测量的气温差值普遍在0.2℃以内.  相似文献   

浅谈GPRS电子显示屏在公共气象服务中的应用     

高超越  闫平 《内蒙古气象》2013,(6):30-32

从气象服务的现状和发展趋势出发,对GPRS电子显示屏系统的主要技术、结构、功能、工作流程以及系统用于气象信息发布的优点进行了详细介绍。  相似文献   

Reduction of bend scour with an air-bubble screen-morphology and flow patterns     

Violaine DUGU  Koen BLANCKAERT  Qiuwen CHEN  Anton J.SCHLEISS 《国际泥沙研究》2013,28(1):15-23

The interplay between streamwise flow,curvature-induced secondary flow,sediment transport and bed morphology leads to the formation of a typical bar-pool bed morphology in open-channel bends.The associated scour at the outer bank and deposition at the inner bank may endanger the outer bank’s stability or reduce the navigable width of the channel.Previous preliminary laboratory experiments in a sharply curved flume with a fixed horizontal bed have shown that a bubble screen located near the outer bank can generate an additional secondary flow located between the outer bank and the curvature-induced secondary flow and with a sense of rotation opposite to the latter.This bubble-induced secondary flow redistributes velocities and bed shear stresses.The reported study investigates the implications of a bubble screen on the flow and the morphology in configurations with mobile bed.Velocity measurements show that the bubble-induced secondary flow shifts the curvature-induced secondary flow in inwards direction and reduces its strength.The bubble screen considerably reduces morphological gradients.Maximum bend scour is reduced by about 50%and occurs further away from the outer bank where it does not endanger the bank stability anymore.The location of maximum scour coincides with the junction of the curvature-induced and bubble-induced secondary flows.At this same location,the maximum streamwise velocities and maximum vertical velocities impinging on the bed also occur,which indicates their importance with respect to the formation of bend scour.The bubble screen also substantially reduced deposition at the inner bank.These preliminary experiments show the potential of a bubble screen to influence and modify the bed morphology.  相似文献   

Potential of Oil Palm Trunk Sap as a Novel Inexpensive Renewable Carbon Feedstock for Polyhydroxyalkanoate Biosynthesis and as a Bacterial Growth Medium     

Bhadravathi Eswara Lokesh  Zubaidah Aimi Abdul Hamid  Takamitsu Arai  Akihiko Kosugi  Yoshinori Murata  Rokiah Hashim  Othman Sulaiman  Yutaka Mori  Kumar Sudesh 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(3):310-317

Utilization of cheap renewable carbon feedstock for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production not only brings down its production cost but also ensures sustainability. The scope of this study was to evaluate the potential of sap extracted from felled oil palm trunk (OPT) as a novel inexpensive renewable carbon source for PHA production. OPT sap was found to be nutritionally rich and contained various fermentable sugars (5.5% w/v) as its major constituent. Termite gut isolate, Bacillus megaterium MC1 grew profoundly in mineral medium with OPT sap as carbon source and a cell density of 10.9 g/L was attained after 16 h of cultivation in shake flask cultures. A maximum poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)] content (% cell dry weight; CDW) of 30 wt% and a P(3HB) concentration of 3.28 g/L was recorded. Additionally, OPT sap extracted from younger tree trunks with prolonged storage had higher sugar content (10.8% w/v) and, when used as a growth medium without the addition of any nutrients, supported bacterial growth comparable to commercially available media.  相似文献   

静水压力诱导牙鲆( Paralichthys olivaceus)四倍体的条件优化     

衣启麟  于海洋  王兴莲  王志刚  王旭波  齐洁  张全启 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(2):382-388

采用静水压力抑制受精卵第一次卵裂的方法,进行了诱导牙鲆四倍体的研究。结果表明,将受精卵保持在(15.5±0.5)℃,从受精后70min开始用55MPa的压力处理6min后,正常仔鱼孵化率最高达到15.6%,此时的四倍体诱导率也最高达到63.3%。利用获得的最佳诱导条件处理获得了数千尾体长8—15cm的幼鱼,流式细胞仪检测和红血球长径测量结果显示,处理组幼鱼中四倍体约占13.3%,说明四倍体培育成功。该成果为开展牙鲆多倍体育种奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Production of P(3HB‐co‐3HHx) with Controlled Compositions by Recombinant Cupriavidus necator Re2058/pCB113 from Renewable Resources          下载免费PDF全文

Paramasivam Murugan  Pragya Chhajer  Akihiko Kosugi  Takamitsu Arai  Christopher J. Brigham  Kumar Sudesh 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(9):1234-1241

  相似文献   

Sequence polymorphism in a marine bivalve (Perna canaliculus) orphan G protein‐coupled receptor gene: Preliminary description and possible implications     

Andrew E. Fidler  Helgi B. Schiöth  Robert Fredriksson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):953-964

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红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)选育家系构建与早期标准化培育   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李伟业  马爱军  王新安  孟雪松  刘忠强  刘圣聪  邹杰  岳亮  张涛  熊再峰 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(4):944-952

采用巢式设计方法和人工受精技术, 对红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)选育家系的构建与标准化培育技术进行研究。按照1雄配2雌的原则, 选取养殖、野生和日本3个群体的红鳍东方鲀进行定向交配, 并对红鳍东方鲀早期阶段苗种进行了环境标准化和一、二、三、四级数量标准化培育。结果表明, 红鳍东方鲀亲鱼产卵量大, 对构建父系半同胞家系十分有利; 从4次数量标准化看, 每次各家系内鱼苗数量都较为集中, 各阶段各家系的成活率也较高, 但存在部分家系间数量差异显著; 经过4次数量标准化, 成功构建22个父系半同胞家系, 48个母系全同胞家系。对早期阶段家系构建和培育存在的问题, 进行了探讨并提出拟解决方法, 为大规模建立红鳍东方鲀家系提供参照。  相似文献   

蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)养成期壳长遗传力与育种值估计   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李冬春  闫喜武  霍忠明  姚托  孙欣  张国范 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(6):1550-1556

采用巢式设计构建了菲律宾蛤仔的8个父系半同胞家系和24个全同胞家系。在90、300、330和450日龄,每个家系随机取30个个体测量壳长,并对数据进行遗传分析。将全同胞效应、母本效应和移入土池时壳长协变量组合成8个不同模型,应用REML法估计遗传力,BLUP法估计育种值。结果表明,移入土池时各家系平均壳长协变量是重要影响因子,全同胞效应和母本效应影响较小。在90、300和330日龄的最优模型为考虑加性遗传效应和移入土池时各家系平均壳长协变量的模型AB,450日龄的最优模型为仅考虑加性遗传效应的模型A。应用最优模型估计的90、300、330和450日龄壳长遗传力分别为0.571、0.966、0.622和0.865。应用最优模型估计育种值,对表型值选择法和育种值选择法比较的结果表明,对家系进行选择时,在300日龄用育种值选择法比表型值选择法平均壳长高3.56%,在90和330日龄时比表型值选择法分别低1.53%和3.71%。对个体进行选择时,按照10%和1%留种,在90、300和330日龄表型选择法比育种值选择法高16.86%、2.54%,16.27%和24.51%、2.03%,23.23%。除在300日龄对家系进行选择时育种值选择法优于表型值选择法外,表型值选择法均优于育种值选择法。  相似文献   

South Africa's coastal-breeding white-breasted cormorants: population trends,breeding season and movements,and diet     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(4):473-490

White-breasted cormorants Phalacrocorax [carbo] lucidus breed around South Africa's coast and at inland localities. Along the coasts of the Northern, Western and Eastern Cape provinces, numbers breeding were similar during the periods 1977–1981 (1 116 pairs at 41 localities) and 2008–2012 (1 280 pairs at 41 localities). Along the coast of KwaZulu-Natal (not counted in 1977–1981), 197 pairs bred at nine localities in 2008–2012, when the overall number breeding around South Africa's coastline was about 1 477 pairs. Between the two study periods, numbers decreased in the Northern and Western Cape provinces following the loss of several breeding localities, but they increased in the Eastern Cape. In the Western Cape, however, numbers were stable east of Cape Agulhas and at nine well-monitored West Coast localities that were surveyed from 1978 to 2012. White-breasted cormorants breed throughout the year, with breeding at some localities more seasonal than at others and the timing of peaks in breeding varying at and between localities. In the vicinity of Saldanha Bay/Langebaan Lagoon (Western Cape), in Algoa Bay (Eastern Cape) and in northern KwaZulu-Natal, it is likely that birds moved between breeding localities in different years, although breeding often occurred at the same locality over several years. Human disturbance, presence of predators, competition for breeding space and occurrence of breeding by other waterbirds may influence movements between colonies. Securing sufficient good habitat at which white-breasted cormorants may breed will be important for conservation of the species. The species may breed at an age of 4 years, possibly younger. The bulk of their diet around South Africa's coast consists of inshore marine and estuarine fish species that are not intensively exploited by humans.  相似文献